William Wordsworth Romantic Poetry Free Essays

William Wordsworth and sentimental Poetry In Wordsworth’s â€Å"We are seven†, attributes of nature was incorporated on the grounds that start on line 41 the little bungalow young lady says† My stockings there I regularly weave, My ‘kerchief there I trim; And there upon the ground I sit-I sit and sing to them,† this verse shows how the young lady appreciates the helpful nature of sitting outside by the congregation yard tree with her sibling and sister. The wonderful young lady likewise talks about how she is one out of seven, in any event, when she is be told she is extremely one of five. Her discussion with the essayist is otherworldly and delineates the extraordinary trademark that her dead kin are still separated of her reality. We will compose a custom article test on William Wordsworth Romantic Poetry or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now This sonnet can be best ordered as a Common Life idea in light of the fact that the little cabin young lady is communicating her sentiment to the next unreservedly in an extremely basic manner and she is in amicability with the earth she is in. Lines written in early spring† contains the quality of unlimited goals with winged creatures being embedded around line 13 and they speak to how free they are, the flying creatures are not limited by the impediments that we have as people. Wordsworth likewise celebrated the basic spot by making each and every bloom, twig, winged animal, and even air sound better than what the normal individual would depict them. He is by all accounts expounding on a flood of ground-breaking sentiments by valuing each and every detail in the scene and examining his sweet state of mind yet lamenting about â€Å"what man has made of man. Wordsworth had an unconstrained flood of amazing sentiments in â€Å"I meandered desolate as a Cloud†; he recalle d in serenity of the stars, daffodils, and waves, which could likewise be viewed as glorification of the regular spot. One could likewise set up a trait of nature in this sonnet when the author’s heart â€Å"dances with the Daffodils,† toward the finish of the sonnet. Wordsworth was examining a â€Å"poet’s goal† in this sonnet, getting a charge out of existence without a rough boost, and can be demonstrated on line 15 with â€Å"A Poet really wanted to be gay. In â€Å"Elegiac Stanzas,† Wordsworth talks about the otherworldly by referencing the Elysian calm, and has a flood of feelings. For instance, â€Å"a ocean that couldn't stop to grin; on quiet land, underneath a sky of bliss,†is a selection that makes the creator glad and serene. Indeed we can say that Wordsworth had a flood of sentiments and feelings, as a Wordsworth idea, and he composed genuine language with clear sensation in this piece. The most effective method to refer to William Wordsworth Romantic Poetry, Papers

Case Analysis Nike the Sweatshop Debate

CASE ANALYSIS NIKE THE SWEATSHOP DEBATE Summary of the Facts Nike was set up in 1972 by previous University of Oregon track star Phil Knight. †¦ Nike has $10 billion in yearly incomes and sells its items in 140 nations. †¦ Nike has been hounded for over 10 years by rehashed allegations that its items are made in sweatshops where laborers, a significant number of them youngsters, slave away in perilous conditions for under means compensation. †¦ Many columnists, TV shows, organizations and associations have over and over uncovered negative remarks towards Nike. For instance, a â€Å"48 Hours† news report broadcast on October 17, 1996 in regards to a Nike production line in Vietnam, which was visited by columnist Roberta Baskin. The correspondent found that Nike employed a great many specialists who are educated, restrained, and edgy for occupations at compensation lower than the lowest pay permitted by law. Another case of the analysis against Nike originated from a pamphlet distributed by Global Exchange. The bulletin revealed that most of Nike shoes were made in Indonesia and China, nations with governments that deny autonomous associations and set the lowest pay permitted by law at absolute bottom. †¦ In September 1997, Global Exchange distributed a report on working conditions at four Nike and Reebok subcontractors in southern China. †¦ In November 1997, the association got and afterward released a classified report by Ernst and Young of a review that Nike had appointed of an industrial facility in Vietnam possessed by a Nike subcontractor. †¦ Nike defined various methodologies and strategies to manage the issues of working conditions and pay in subcontractors. †¦ In mid 1997, Nike likewise started to commission free associations, for example, Ernst and Young to review the processing plants of its subcontractors. At last, on May 12, 1998 Nike author Phil Knight illuminated a progression of activities intended to improve working conditions for the 500,000 individuals that make items for Nike through subcontractors. †¦ Even however Nike has conceded there have been issues in some abroad processing plants and has endeavored to get things done to correct the issues, the organization keeps on being an objective of fights and an image of difference. Proclamation of the Problem On the May 12, 2001, Nike’s CEO Phil Knight made six responsibilities to improving the working conditions in Nike’s worldwide All Nike shoe plants will meet the U.? actories. The six duties were: The base age for Nike assembly line laborers will be raised to 18 for footwear?†¦ Nike will incorporate non-government? industrial facilities and 16 for clothing production lines. associations in its processing plant checking, with rundowns of that observing Nike will extend its laborer instruction program, ma king? discharged to people in general. free secondary school equivalency courses accessible to all specialists in Nike footwear Nike will grow its small scale undertaking advance program to profit four? industrial facilities. housand families in Vietnam, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Thailand. †¦ Nike still can't seem to hold up to these duties they made to its laborers and clients. Nike keeps on being scrutinized by human rights associations and the media since they have disregarded requests that work and human rights bunches have mentioned. †¦ Causes of the Problem Nike has regarded sweatshop charges as an issue of advertising as opposed to human rights. †¦ Nike has not discharged documentation to date of their reports from the working conditions in the manufacturing plants. .

Understanding the Strategies of Activision Blizzard free essay sample

Understanding the Strategies of Activision Blizzard, Inc. What is the vision of Activision Blizzard, Inc.? Activision Blizzard, Inc. ’s corporate vision is to be a â€Å"worldwide pioneer in the turn of events, distributing, and dissemination of value intuitive diversion programming, online substance and administrations that convey a profoundly fulfilling amusement experience (Activision Blizzard †2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). † Horizontal Integration Synergy; Activision Blizzard, Inc. ’s way to deal with progress. Activision Blizzard, Inc. s â€Å"a overall on the web, PC, support, handheld, and portable game distributer (Activision Blizzard †2011 Annual Report). † The organization was made by means of the merger of Activision, Inc. , Sego Merger Corporation, Vivendi S. A. , VGAC LLC, and Vivendi Games, Inc. (Activision Blizzard †2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). Using flat reconciliation, the merger incorporated â€Å"ownership of creation offices, circulation channels, display outlets and at last permitted the in the past independent organizations to benefit from the others ability (Turow 175). The new organization utilizes three separate working portions. Activision Publishing, Inc. , Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. , and Activision Blizzard dispersion. Activision Blizzard, Inc. holds â€Å"leading market positions over each significant classification of the quickly developing intuitive diversion programming industry (Activision Blizzard †2011 Annual Report),† and is a great case of cooperative energy, â€Å"a circumstance where the last item is more important than the aggregate of it singular parts (Turow 175),† at work. What is the serious condition for Activision Blizzard, Inc.? â€Å"The intelligent media outlet is seriously serious with new items and stages normally presented. Contenders shift in size from little organizations with restricted assets to enormous enterprises who may have more noteworthy money related, promoting, and item advancement assets than Activision Blizzard, Inc. (Activision Blizzard †2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). † Whom is Activision rivaling in the commercial center? Activision Blizzard, Inc. contends essentially with different distributers of PC, on the web and computer game support intelligent diversion programming. Generally comparative in working structure is Electronic Arts, which has the biggest arrangement of blockbuster games, including numerous games titles, and other game establishments with long chronicles of accomplishment. Sony, Nintendo and Microsoft contend straightforwardly with them in the improvement of programming titles for t heir individual stages. They likewise go after the relaxation time and optional going through of customers with other intuitive diversion organizations, just as with suppliers of various types of amusement, for example, films, TV, person to person communication, online easygoing diversion and music (Activision Blizzard 2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). † What does Activision see as their essential rivalry? Activision Blizzard, Inc. elieves the essential serious factors in the intelligent media outlet include: â€Å"product highlights, game quality, and playability; brand name acknowledgment; similarity of items with well known stages; access to dispersion channels; online capacity and usefulness; convenience; value; showcasing backing; and nature of client assistance. (Activision Blizzard †2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). † What techniques and explicit exercises is Activision considering to rival others? Extended item improvement †Activision Blizzard, Inc. s à ¢â‚¬Å"creating a distributing arm that will offer outsider portable games for sale to the public. Through the program, it will help free game creators with financing, improvement, circulation and advancement of their titles across both iPhone and iOS. The organization is working together with Flurry to help with this change (Duryee, Tricia. Activision Starting to Take the Plastic Wrap off Its Mobile Strategy. AllThingsDigital. com, 13 Jun 2012. Web). † Increase online capacity usefulness get to new clients crowds: ‘Skylanders’ Is Officially Activision’s most up to date $1 Billion Franchise. The ‘Skylanders’ establishment turned into the first kids’ computer game IP to cross the $1 billion imprint in only 15 months, and I think we are still simply beginning to understand its potential,† Activision distributing CEO Eric Hirshberg said in an announcement (LeJacq, Yannick . Skylanders’ Is Officially Activision’s most curr ent $1 Billion Franchise. IBTimes. com, 11 Feb 2013. Web. ). † Access new circulation channels Activision Blizzard, Inc. â€Å"announces in-game live gushing by means of YouTube for Black Ops II (McGlaun, Shane. â€Å"Activision reports in-game live gushing through YouTube for Black Ops II. SlashGear. com, 8 Nov 2012. Web. ). † What may an Activision client find as far as various contributions or approaches in view of the procedures the organization is attempted? Expanded Content and Online Services. Activision Blizzard, Inc. ’s move towards advanced conveyance of substance will bring about increasingly differing on the web item contributions. Extension of Mobile Products and Services †Activision Blizzard, Inc. will keep on venturing into the portable field by supporting heritage establishments just as making new brand resources. A Narrowing of the Gap between the genuine and virtual universes †Riding an exceptional rush of progress, Activision Blizzard, Inc. will deliver extra Skylander style kid’s games. Which one of the six changes in media is Activision’s systems tending to well? Conveyance of items across media limits: Activision has been extremely fruitful at making strategies for appropriation that â€Å"allows organizations to bring in cash back on products† (Turow 186). Activision Blizzard, Inc. will retain the developing interest of computerized content circulation without issue. A large number of its computer games and substance developments are as of now accessible for direct download. For instance, â€Å"Activision Publishing’s imaginative new online help, Call of Duty Elite, which propelled with Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 is one of the quickest developing premium online administrations at any point made. As of January 2012, in excess of 7,000,000 gamers had enrolled for the administration, which incorporates mutiple. 5 million clients who bought premium yearly enrollments. Moreover, the establishment is assessed to have had more than 40 million month to month dynamic clients across five Call of Duty titles (Activision Blizzard †2011 Annual Report). Which of the six changes in media is Activision fail to address? Crowd Segmentation: Activision Blizzard has practical experience in creating, distributing and disseminating first-individual activity games, â€Å"which represent around 16% of the intuitive diversion industry’s income (K rause Fund Research, Web)†. Activision Blizzard’s target crowd, â€Å"the individuals whom their items are coordinated (Turow 36),† are guys 18 45 who â€Å"account for over 55% of all gamers and are the foundation of the business (Krause Fund Research, Web). Activision Blizzard has been uncontrollably fruitful with their media establishments, â€Å"properties that are profoundly gainful after some time and in numerous media organizes past their unique appearance (Paul, Nora, slide 10),† however has fail to address the requirement for crowd division, â€Å"creating items intended to arrive at various kinds of individuals (Turow 160). † Due to this reliance on a particular objective crowd, inability to accomplish foreseen results by at least one items may altogether hurt their business. For instance, Activision Blizzard’s four biggest first-individual activity establishments (Paul, â€Å"Understanding the Strategies of Media Giants† slide 10), represented around â€Å"83% of net incomes, and an altogether higher level of their working salary, for the year (Activision Blizzard †2013 SEC Form 10-K/An Amended Annual Report). † If purchaser request drifts from first-individual activity games and Activision Blizzard neglects to draw in new crowds or include different wellsprings of income, their absence of crowd division could fundamentally hurt their business. References From news story: McGlaun, Shane. Activision reports in-game live gushing through YouTube for Black Ops II. SlashGear. com, 8 Nov 2012. Web. From news story: Duryee, Tricia. Activision Starting to Take the Plastic Wrap off Its Mobile Strategy. Everything Digital. com, 13 Jun 2012. Web From news story: LeJacq, Yannick. Skylanders’ Is Officially Activision’s most cur rent $1 Billion Franchise. IBTimes. com, 11 Feb 2013. Web. From SEC report: Activision Blizzard, Inc. Structure 10-K/An, Amended Annual Report for the monetary year finishing December 31, 2012. Web. From Annual report: Activision Blizzard, Inc. 2011 Annual report for financial year finishing Dec 31, 2011. Web. From Journal article: Miller, Z. , Umphress, J. , Wang, B. (2012). Activision Blizzard, Inc. (NASDAQ: ATVI). Krause Fund Research Fall 2012 Technology, 13 November 2012. Recovered from The University of Iowa Research and Technology Department. Web. From the content: Turow, Joseph, Media Today: An Introduction to Mass Communication, fourth release, New York, NY: Routledge, 2011. Section 2, â€Å"Making Sense of the Media Business: Identifying an Audience for Mass Media Content,† p. 36. From the content: Turow, Joseph, Media Today: An Introduction to Mass Communication, fourth release, New York, NY: Routledge, 2011. Part 5, â€Å"A World of Blurred Media Boundaries: Horizontal Integration,† p. 175. From the content: Turow, Joseph, Media Today: An Introduction to

Essay on Homosexual Relationships

Essay on Homosexual Relationships Homosexual relationships are romantic connections between two people of the same gender. These connections cover all cases of gays and lesbians. These relationships are not based on the willingness to procreate or nature moral values, but rather on the desire to fulfill the passions of the persons involved. Through the forums supported by human rights groups, many homosexuals have come in the limelight demanding legal recognition for their sexual orientations. James Skillen is one of such activists. He observes that governments should play passive roles when it comes to the issues of marriage. Instead, Skillen suggests that the government should learn to accommodate the â€Å"constantly changing definition of marriage† to make provisions for homosexual marriages (Skillen, 1). A similar observation was made by Ellie Schaack in his article â€Å"Gay Marriage is a Right†. Schaack points out that the right to marry is explicit and dependent on one’s unique attributes (Schaack, 1). Unfortunately, many countries are continually legalizing homosexuality. For instance, a US court was reported to have delivered a judgment forcing the federal government to amend laws to recognize gay marriages (Hurley, 2). Sexual desires should be used to set up family units under which social values and cultural norms get passed from one generation to another. The future of any society depends on the ability of the current generation to procreate and sustain values traditionally associated with that society. Family is the fundamental unit of the society and is, therefore, important for the formation of the society. Sex should serve as a tool for sustaining romantic relationships that result from marriage and formation of the family. Homosexuality does not reflect social welfare, but rather individualism. Instead of introducing legal provisions to promote homosexuality, the society should seek to help those in the practice so that they can relate to their healthy sexual desires. This is possible through medicine and psychological treatment.

The Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad - 1293 Words

Harsh Kumar Ms. A-GAP Literature 15 March 2017 Senior Thesis #3 Adolescence is a transitional phase of psychological development where one begins to become more aware of themselves and their position in society. This transition is a vital one that changes one’s feelings, decision making, and attitude towards things that they might’ve viewed differently as an adolescent. In the Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the psychological change that Marlow goes through by coming to Congo for the development of his experience and self through his confrontation with Kurtz, encounter with European imperialism, as well as his newfound awareness of the unknown and unfamiliar.Marlow’s confrontation with Kurtz†¦show more content†¦Overstreet, â€Å"people do bad things because they have bad in them† (Overstreet 1). This contributes with Kurtz character as he has evil in him that leads to his malignant deeds. In the end, Kurtz falls ill and passes away with his last words being  "The Horror† (Conrad 43) which shows that despite his god-like characterization of himself fell short and that the overwhelming power of greed was too much for Kurtz and led to his demise. â€Å"Where there is no maturity of mind, there can be no vision†(Overstreet 2). This statement relates with Kurtz as he was not mature enough to realize the consequences of his actions and was in turn blinded by greed and a lust for power. Marlow and Kurtz’s relationship led to the psychological development of Marlow as the longer he got to know Kurtz the more he became aware of his true character and the evils associated with him and in this process he saw Kurtz in a completely divergent way due to the dialogue exchanged between Marlow and Kurtz throughout the novel. Another way Marlow develops psychologically is through his encounter and realization with the harsh realities of European imperialism through vivid imagery which leads to his juxtaposition of ideas regarding impe rialism. Marlow is shown as a strict imperialist in the beginning of the book when he compares the civilized European man with the savage African man. (Conrad 15). These two conflicting figures and ideas represent theShow MoreRelatedHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1471 Words   |  6 PagesIn the story Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad a sailor decides to travel to Africa on a whim, using family connections he enlists as the captain of a ship travelling up the Congo River. The novella provides many themes, however is the text in itself racist? One of the main concepts portrayed in Heart of Darkness is the treatment of the natives of Africa and their image. This is most commonly shown through the disparity of the image between what is said in the novel and what can be read throughRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagesevery human and everything created by humans has two sides to it: the form and the substance. Joseph Conrad’s novella â€Å"Heart of Darkness† shows precisely how dangerous it is to put our trust in a concept, for example: colonization, without realizing that most of the time one only gets to see the form and not the substance. In this essay, my purpose is to demonstrate that â€Å"Heart of Darkness† by Joseph Conrad is mainly a novella about the discrepancy between substance and form. In order to prove my pointRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1378 Words   |  6 PagesWoytassek AP English 12 Heart of Darkness Reading Log Author: Joseph Conrad Title: Heart of Darkness Original Publication Date: 1899 Kind of Writing: Heart of Darkness is a colonial novella of an expository narrative. Writer’s Purpose and Intended Audience Joseph Conrad wrote Heart of Darkness because he wanted to expose human temptation to experiment with darkness when one’s own desires overcome one’s morals. By writing from his own experience of exploring the Congo, Conrad draws conclusions thatRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a story that takes place in the early 1890s and presents us with an odyssey of a traveler known as Marlow who confronts the dangers of the Congo jungle while also witnessing the wicked, inhumane treatment of the African natives. In the story, Marlow represents Joseph Conrad who had actually traveled up the Congo in 1890 and witnessed the European exploitation of the African natives firsthand. In the Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the inhumanityRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1350 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad was a treasured classic, with many honourable themes and messages, as the author reveals the true nature of humanity by following an European sailor’s journey through the dark jungles of Africa and down the river Congo, all while watching as his own humanity changes. As society has evolved, however, Heart of Darkness has come under scrutiny, as the language is quite racist. Chinua Achebe, writer of An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of DarknessRead MoreHeart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad1329 Words   |  5 Pages Heart of Darkness is a novel written by Joseph Conrad. The setting of the book is in Belgian Congo, which was the most infamous European colony in Africa. This is a story about the protagonist Marlow’s journey to self discovery, and his experiences in Congo. Conrad’s story explores the colonialism period in Africa to demonstrate Marlow’s struggles. Along the way, he faces insanity, death, his fear of failure, and cultural contamination as he makes his was to the inner station. Conrad through theRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad968 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella The Heart of Darkness has been under controversy because of racial interpretations. The race factor in this novel has made some scholars and professors question the function the novella has in the classroom. However, Joseph Conrad had another view when writing the novel; to demonstrate how prejudice and dehumanizing the European culture is towards African Americans and their culture during this time period. European’s superior authority over African Americans is portrayedRead MoreHeart Of Darkness, By Joseph Conrad1306 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the â€Å"horror† in Heart of Darkness, and what particular literary images develop that idea of horror in the novel? In Joseph Conrad’s, Heart of Darkness, there can be many literary images found within that develop the idea of horror. Heart of Darkness is noted for its horror within the Congo between the Africans and the Europeans. The horror in Heart of Darkness is a contribution of many ideas that are formed and contributed from the European colonists. The purpose of this essay aims to argueRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1076 Words   |  5 PagesWritten in the late 1800’s, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is a novella about one man’s travel into the Congo Free State by way of the Congo River. The title â€Å"Heart of Darkness† actually holds two different meanings. Heart of Darkness is both a metaphor for a psychological â€Å"dark side† of man, and an allusion to Africa. The title suggests both a physical and mental reference. During the time the novel takes place, Africa was nick-named the dark continent because of how little the Europeans knewRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad, author of Heart of Darkness, intriguingly uses an unnamed narrator in his novel that clearly becomes of importance right away in the introduction. Conrad’s narrator chooses to speak of the historical period in which Roman colonization took over what we now know as Great Britain. By connecting a Roman colonization story to one almost 2000 years later talking about the Belgians in Africa, Conrad reveals one of his own themes in the novel. He proposes that the Romans and Belgians

Women’s Treatment in Death of a Salesman - 1463 Words

Women’s treatment in Death of a Salesman December 11, 2012 Abstract In our today’s men and women hold equal rights, however, in times prior to the 1950’s the majority of people would agree men held favorable positions and were said to be superior over women. Unfortunately this behavior still exists in countries. Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman probes into these issues and solidifies how the past plagued woman. Miller categorizes women into two buckets; housewives or whores. The play gave good reason for women to take a look at their lives and essentially helped open their eyes. Some might even say it helped start the women’s movement. Death of a Salesman The play portrays women as being inferior to men and used†¦show more content†¦Biff even commented on this and says â€Å"He always wiped the floor with you† (Miller, 1949, Pg 139). Linda could have done something to stop Willy from killing himself. She unfortunately did nothing and during the REQUIEM, says â€Å"We’re free† (Miller, 1949, Pg 139), this especially tells the audience how Willy’s death has released the entire family from Willy’s suffering. This also gives an indication that Linda is now able to live her life without a controlling, cheating husband that always shoved her aside. Miller’s play demonstrates that women have the ability to accomplish things in life, but sometimes must be freed of those that control them. Women in the business world within this time period are marked as objects of sex simply because they are there and their function is to serve men. In one scene, Willy, deeply and loudly involved in one of his flashbacks, approaches Charleys office to borrow money. Jenny, Charleys secretary, tells Bernard that Willy is arguing with himself and that she cannot deal with Willy anymore. Jenny was insightful and a hard working woman. No doubt she also was anticipating his condescending remarks when Willy says, Howre ya? Workin’ or still honest? (Miller, 1949, Pg 90). Willy is implying her income is made through prostitution. She replies in a polite way, and Willy again turns to sexual innuendo: Not much anymore, Jenny. Ha, ha! (Miller, 1949, Pg 90). Sara Evans, book â€Å"Born for Liberty: AShow MoreRelatedDeath of a Salesman vs. Fifth Business, Feminist Perspective1462 Words   |  6 PagesComparative Essay Fifth Business by Roberson Davies and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller Throughout most of history woman have faced an imbalance within their social class opposed to the male gender. They have had fewer rights and much fewer career opportunities, the stereotype that a women’s place is in the home is due to the most socially accepted and common career of wifehood and motherhood. Through the comparison of Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fifth Business by Robertson DaviesRead MoreBernard Malamud Short Stories1443 Words   |  6 PagesAkin to the relationship Panessa develops with Mr. Schlegel in â€Å"The Bill,† when Kalish becomes a widow, she is caught in a vicious cycle wherein her pride and self-sufficiency contribute to the anguish she causes herself and Mr. Rosen, the ex-coffee salesman who wants to badly to assist her in her time of need. The symbolism in Both â€Å"The Bill† and â€Å"Take Pity† enhances readers’ understanding of the significance of the theme. Both narratives feature two prevalent symbols – the nuclear family and the storesRead MoreFeminist Analysis Death of a Salesman Essay examples875 Words   |  4 PagesFeminist Analysis of Death of a Salesman What’s great about this play is gives us insight into the past and focuses on an average family and provides lots of material to do a feminist analysis of. The most prominent woman figure in this play is Linda, but the male characters in this play also give us insight into women’s roles and help feed the feminist analyses To get us started, how do the roles and identities of women in this play compare to that of the male figuresRead MoreKleptomania1818 Words   |  8 Pagesimpulse to steal objects that have little or no known value to them. The kleptomaniac could easily purchase the item that was stolen, but research has shown that most do it for the adrenaline rush experienced from stealing. Kleptomania has no treatment. People diagnosed with the disorder are advocated to go through psychotherapy or take an anti-depressant medication. As knowledge of kleptomania grows, society has grown more readily to accept it and many more theories about the cause of the disorderRead MoreEssay about Subjugaiton of women in death of a salesman2254 Words   |  10 Pagesphilandering actions that Happy and Willy promote and Biff ultimately rejects in Miller’s play Death of a Salesman1. Through the subordinate view of women that Willy holds, the treatment of women Happy engages in follow his fathe r’s greedy motives, and biff’s dynamic change in his view of women, Death of a Salesman portrays the subordinate view of women through objectification and subjugation. As a struggling salesman, Willy does not achieve the success and attention that he desires; consequently, he subjugatesRead More Oppression and Depression: The Effects of White Masculinity2725 Words   |  11 Pagescompletely failed, and according to society’s and their own standards, they are not worthy to be considered real men. White masculinity is the ideal design of an adult male. It is a model for every man in America from birth up until the moment of death. This ideal dictates preferences in society for both men and women. John F. Kasson claims that a man is â€Å"valued solely for his beauty, his body openly admired and aggressively pursued by [women] (as well as courted by his own sex)† (Kasson 27). Read MoreConsider the Theme of Transformation in Metamorphosis and the Yellow Wallpaper.3444 Words   |  14 Pagesinsect, by the description given by Kafka, possibly similar in appearance to a cockroach, although the description given does not allow the reader to make any definite identification. He has been the breadwinner of the family, working as a travelling salesman to keep a roof over the heads of his mother, father and younger sister. This is a service that he has got no thanks or recognition for from his parents who do nothing towards the up keep of the household and just expect Gregor to take care of everythingRead MoreFeminist Approach to Witchcraft; Case Study: Millers the Crucible6554 Words   |  27 Pagesan effort to deconstruct the phallologocentric sanctions implicit in Millers account of Abigails fate, Elizabeths confession, and Johns temptation and death.] Arthur Millers The Crucible is a disturbing work, not only because of the obvious moral dilemma that is irresolutely solved by John Proctors death, but also because of the treatment that Abigail and Elizabeth receive at Millers hands and at the hands of critics. In forty years of criticism very little has been said about the ways inRead MoreA Theoretical Perspective on Dowry Deaths in India22724 Words   |  91 PagesPerspective on Dowry Deaths in India Objectives: a) To understand the concept of dowry as has originated and evolved in India. b) To conceptualize modern day consequences of dowry system. c) To refer to various laws in India and find out reasons for ineffectuality. d) To analyze the trend lay down in this regard by way of various judicial decisions. e) To critically analyze the reasons for divergence between the object of law with regard to dowry death and the practiceRead MoreAmerican History Eoc Study Guide5327 Words   |  22 Pagessociety’s problems. (pg. 498) 11) Sweatshop: A small workshop set up in a tenement rather than in centralized factories such as a close and textile company. (pg. 473) 12) Progressive Reforms: The reforms were housing reforms, election reforms, women’s suffrage, society reforms, workplace reforms, reforms in living conditions, and government reforms. 13) Booker T. Washington: He founded the Tuskegee Institute. He believed that Blacks should accept segregation for the time being and should train

Critical Care Nursing Diagnosis and Management

Question: Discuss about the Critical Care Nursing for Diagnosis and Management. Answer: Introduction: The systolic blood pressure in a range of 120-129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure in a range of 80-84 mmHg considered as normal (NHFA, 2016, p.12). The blood pressure ranges for grade 1 hypertension attribute to 140-159 mmHg (systolic) and 90-99 mmHg (diastolic) (NHFA, 2016). The ranges for grade 2 hypertension recorded as 160179mm Hg (systolic) and 100-109mm Hg (diastolic) (NHFA, 2016). Grade 3 hypertension identified by systolic blood pressure of 180 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 110mm Hg (NHFA, 2016). The systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg is identified as isolated systolic hypertension (NHFA, 2016). The respiratory rate of the patient requires manual recording by the physician while investing 30 seconds in the process of its observation (Anon., 2010). Respiratory rate warrants its recording with the vital signs during each patient observation. The respiratory rate of the patients needs recording on the general observation chart on a daily basis and the abnormal pattern of respiratory rate requires its counting for one complete minute in the context of retaining the accuracy of the recorded value. The pattern of high respiratory rate of the patient requires nursing evaluation of his probable clinical manifestations attributing to anxiety, fear, acidosis, hypercapnia, hypoxia and shock (Urden et al., 2014, p.572). The investigation of medication administration and metabolic demand of the patient also required for tracking the causative factor of patients elevated respiratory rate. The registered nurse professional requires recording of patients ABG and should regularly visit the patient for providing reassurance during the process of clinical intervention. The registered nurse also requires configuring a therapeutic relationship with the patient for reducing the state of distress related to his elevated respiratory rate. The diabetes educator assists in disseminating the basic information regarding the disease process of diabetes to the affected patients in the context of elevating the level of their awareness regarding the disease (Goldstein Mueller-Wieland, 2007, p.48). They facilitate the physical activity, nutritional management and medication monitoring of the diabetes patients while coordinating with physicians and nurses. Since, Mr. Hardy exhibits a 30 year history of diabetes type 2, the diabetes educator requires promoting healthy eating habits in the patient while regularly monitoring his blood glucose level. The diabetes educator needs to educate the patient regarding various healthy coping strategies and problem solving skills for reducing his risk of developing the debilitating diabetic manifestations (Goldstein Mueller-Wieland, 2007). As per Mr. Hardys scenario, the physiotherapist requires customizing appropriate exercise interventions for normalizing his body mass index and blood glucose level (Azurin, 2016). Aerobic exercise approaches along with resistance training interventions require administration by the physiotherapist for stabilizing the HbA1C level of the patient. The physiotherapist needs to monitor the blood glucose level of patient and recommend the exercise interventions in accordance with the allowable limit of blood glucose following its evaluation. The physiotherapist also requires instructing the patient regarding the self-evaluation of skin redness, breaks and swelling for their prophylactic management (Turan et al., 2015). The physiotherapist also needs to facilitate the activities of daily living of the patient while administering therapeutic exercises for increasing his mobility pattern, range of motion, muscular endurance and strength. Since Mr. Hardy is overweight, the general practitioner requires evaluating the cardiovascular risk of the patient while ordering cholesterol lab interventions (RACGP, 2014, p.xi). The general practitioner requires administering first line pharmacotherapy for controlling the elevated blood pressure of the patient. The physician might utilize thiazide diuretics, beta-blockers, or ACE inhibitors in accordance with the clinical condition and CVA status of the affected patient (Gupta Guptha, 2010). The general physician should also recommend appropriate life style interventions and weight and diet management approaches for reducing the risk of the patient in terms of developing the cardiovascular manifestations. The conditions including diabetes, obesity, hypertension and smoking addiction primarily contributed to the development of Mr. Hardys cerebrovascular accident (Alkali et al., 2013). The abnormal blood glucose level of the patient over the course of 30 years facilitated the development of clots on the inside walls of the blood vessels that disrupted the brains oxygen supply leading to the development of stroke. The state of patient's obesity could also have resulted in the deposition of plaques on the arterial walls leading to the formation of arterial clots that might have assisted in the development of stroke in the affected patient (NIH, 2012). The hypertensive state resulted in the development of consistent pressure on the blood vessels near the brain of the patient leading to the occurrence of cardiovascular accident. The pattern of patients smoking might have assisted in the elevation of triglycerides and damaged the internal lining of the blood vessels (CDC, 2016). It could hav e increased the viscosity of blood inside the vessels and facilitated the deposition of cholesterol and calcium on the endothelium of the blood vessels. Resultantly the thickened and narrowed blood vessels could have ruptured due to excessive vascular pressure leading to the appearance of stroke. Within the cardiovascular system, high blood pressure (hypertension) can damage blood vessels by causing the thickening and hardening of the arteries. The pattern of high blood pressure leads to the consistent exertion of additional force against the walls of the arteries. The arteries then eventually narrowed and predisposed towards the development of fibrolipid plaques across their interior walls. The development of stenosis and arteriosclerosis across the arterial region leads to the gradual weakening of the affected arteries and increases their risk of rupture (Carl et al., 2014, p.403). This damage to the blood vessel walls may cause cerebral ischemia leading to the reduction in the supply of oxygenated blood to the brain vasculature. This vascular insufficiency leads to the development of cerebrovascular accident in the affected patient. It is worth noting that the pattern of narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels, deposition of plaques and platelet adhesion results in the establishment of thrombosis in the blood vessels of the brain that leads to their maximum occlusion (Galvagno, 2003, p.303). The occluded vessels experience high risk of rupture and the eventual establishment of acute ischemic stroke. Untreated high blood pressure can decrease the vascular resistance and elevates the risk of the development of acute ischemic stroke (Mayo-Clinic, 2016). It also causes arterial narrowing and damage and facilitates the deposition of dietary fats on the arterial lumen. The development of arterial stenosis results in the blockage of vascular supply to the vital organs as well as extremities. High blood pressure, if left untreated, might also cause enlargement and bulging of weakened arteries in the form of aneurysm (Mayo-Clinic, 2016). Untreated high blood pressure also facilitates the development of coronary artery disease, cardiac enlargement and cardiac failure. The other brain conditions that might develop because of untreated blood pressure include transient ischemic attack, dementia and mild cognitive impairment (Mayo-Clinic, 2016). When a stroke, caused by cerebral hemorrhage within the central nervous system (the brain) occurs, effects depend on the development of hypertension and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (Aguilar Brott, 2011). Furthermore, conditions arising from factor deficiencies, antiplatelet medication and anticoagulant-induced coagulopathy lead to the establishment of cerebral hemorrhage and subsequent occurrence of stroke in the affected patients. The lymphoproliferative as well as thrombocytopathic conditions also assist in the development of cerebrovascular infarction followed by cerebral hemorrhage (Aguilar Brott, 2011). Patients affected with white matter ischemic disease and hypertension experience the high risk of developing the pattern of cerebral hemorrhage. The development of cerebral hematoma is also a risk factor for the occurrence of cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage and associated stroke pattern. Conditions like chronic kidney disease, alcoholism and drug abuse also increase the risk of stroke development among the affected patients. Advancing age of the diabetic patient also influences the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebrovascular infarction (Aguilar Brott, 2011). Age associated degenerative change in the cerebral arterioles facilitates the development of lacunar stroke and associated manifestations. The clinical conditions like hyperlipidemia, smoking addiction, coagulopathy and utilization of recreational drugs also increase the risk of development of cerebral hemorrhage and infarction in predisposed patients (Aguilar Brott, 2011). The pattern of hemorrhagic stroke might result in the development of abnormal involuntary movements in the affected patient (Siniscalchi et al., 2012). The patient might also experience headache, nausea, vomiting and alteration in consciousness in relation to the episode of hemorrhagic stroke (Liebeskind O'Connor, 2016). Hemorrhagic stroke can lead to the development of seizures and increased intracranial pressure. The paralysis of dormant or non-dormant side of the body and weakness of extremities considered as the direct outcomes of hemorrhagic stroke (Liebeskind O'Connor, 2016). Focal neurological conditions like facial droop, monocolular/binocular blindness, blurred vision, dysarthria, vertigo and aphasia also result from the development of hemorrhagic stroke in the affected patient (Liebeskind O'Connor, 2016). Stroke that arises from subarachnoid hemorrhage leads to the development of syncope, photophobia, ocular pain and nuchal rigidity (Liebeskind O'Connor, 2016). Stroke a ssociated with cerebral hemorrhage in many clinical scenarios lead to the development of anemia and fever (Caceres Goldstein, 2012). The patient might also experience a decline in the blood glucose level after the onset of hemorrhagic cerebral infarction (Caceres Goldstein, 2012). The two significant deficits experienced by Mr. Hardy that require nursing care include the pattern of his immobility and lack of personal hygiene. The mobility restriction of Mr. Hardy relates to his left side paralysis in relation to the pattern of cerebrovascular accident. Mr. Hardys unwillingness regarding practicing personal hygiene measures relates to the absence of support systems and home care services that has affected his state of mind to a significant extent. Therefore, the administration of appropriate nursing interventions highly warranted for assisting him in terms of activities of daily living and personal care while overcoming the hygiene issues and treatment related challenges. Nursing interventions warranted for Mr. Hardy include the administration of assistance to facilitate his activities of daily living and mobility level. The reduction in cardiovascular deconditioning of the patient while assisting him in acquiring various sitting postures required for improving his physical condition. The administration of walking intervention required for increasing the confidence of the client in terms of enhancing the level of his mobility. Assisting the patient in accomplishing the requirements of personal hygiene will decrease his risk of acquiring contagious conditions across the hospital environment. The regular evaluation, of patients skin condition also required for preventing the onset and establishment of bed sores (in relation to the pattern of his immobility) during the process of clinical intervention. The major barriers to the nursing interventions include the patients unwillingness in attaining mobility and hygiene measures with the assistance of nursi ng professional. References Aguilar, M.I. Brott, T.G., 2011. Update in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. The Neurohospitalist, 1(3), pp.148-59. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3726132/. Alkali, N.H. et al., 2013. Stroke risk factors, subtypes, and 30-day case fatality in Abuja, Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Journal, 54(2), pp.129-35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3687865/. Anon., 2010. Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Patient Observation (Vital Signs) Policy. Policy Directive. Sydney: Sydney South West Area Health Service (NSW Health). Azurin, C.R., 2016. Physiopedia. [Online] Available at: https://www.physio-pedia.com/Diabetes [Accessed 20 September 2016]. Caceres, J.A. Goldstein, J.N., 2012. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 30(3), pp.77194. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3443867/. Carl, L., Gallo, J. Johnson, P., 2014. Practical Pharmacology in Rehabilitation. USA: Human Kinetics. CDC, 2016. CDC. [Online] Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/heart-disease-stroke.html [Accessed 20 September 2016]. Galvagno, S.M., 2003. Emergency Pathophysiology: Clinical Applications for Prehospital Care. USA: Teton NewMedia. Goldstein, B.J. Mueller-Wieland, D., 2007. Type 2 Diabetes: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. Florida: CRC. Gupta, R. Guptha, S., 2010. Strategies for initial management of hypertension. IJMR, 132(5), pp.531-42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3028941/. Liebeskind, D.S. O'Connor, R.E., 2016. Medscape - Hemorrhagic Stroke Clinical Presentation. [Online] Available at: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1916662-clinical [Accessed 20 September 2016]. Mayo-Clinic, 2016. Diseases and Conditions - High blood pressure (hypertension). [Online] Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/high-blood-pressure/art-20045868 [Accessed 20 September 2016]. NHFA, 2016. Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults. Melbourne: National Heart Foundation of Australia. NIH, 2012. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. [Online] Available at: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/risks [Accessed 20 September 2016]. RACGP, 2014. General practice management of type 2 diabetes. Australia: RACGP. Siniscalchi, A. et al., 2012. Current Neuropharmacology. Post-stroke Movement Disorders: Clinical Manifestations and Pharmacological Management, 10(3), pp.254-62. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468879/. Turan, Y., Ertugrul, B.M., Lipsky, B.A. Bayraktar, K., 2015. Does physical therapy and rehabilitation improve outcomes for diabetic foot ulcers? World Journal of Experimental Medicine, 5(2), pp.130-39. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4436937/. Urden, L.D., Stacy, K.M. Lough, M.E., 2014. Critical Care Nursing: Diagnosis and Management. Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.

Little Mermaid Musical- Broadway Show Review Essay Example

Little Mermaid: Musical- Broadway Show Review Paper Concert Review of The Little Mermaid The story and much of the music of The Little Mermaid is familiar to anyone who was once a little girl-or who knows a little girl. The performance on October 12, 2008 I saw of the Broadway musical is a retelling of the Disney cartoon that has been played and replayed on many DVDs in many homes across America before the watchful eyes of young children. Disneys animated feature film is, of course, itself based upon the Hans Christian Anderson fairy tale of the same name, and contains such classic songs as Part of Your World and Under the Sea. To prepare for the show, I watched the DVD again, and I also read over Andersons tale, to re-familiarize myself with the songs. I also wanted to be aware of what the creators of the musical had decided to keep from the Disney animated film, perhaps added back from Anderson that Disney had rejected, and what they had introduced that was entirely new to realize a different creative vision. The musical was splashy (no pun intended) fun with bright colors, dazzling special effects and glittery costumes (particularly in terms of how the underwater world was created). The many show-stopping tunes were clearly designed towow the audience. The show has a strong narrative, but the sea-witch Ursula, Ariels transition from mermaid toreal girl, and other aspects of the work obviously used special effects in a way that was designed to draw attention to the effects, rather than the plot. However, the younger members of the audience didnt seem to mind and audibly gasped for breath when various costumes and sets were revealed. Some of them had bought their own toyAriels from home and knew the songs from the cartoon by heart. However, the older members of the audience, from parents to people like myself, enjoyed the lead actress strong voice, the comic perfo

Fight Club and Tyler Durden Essay example

Fight Club and Tyler Durden Essay example Fight Club and Tyler Durden Essay example Saravanabavan 1 Sentha Saravanabavan Ms. Marsh ENG4U1 January 8 2012 With power comes great responsibility as society would say it; however, to gain power one must take a stand against those who step on the lower society. The novel, fight club by Chuck Palahniuk, displays how power is achieved and brought up by total dominance of the lower class. After analyzing how the power and dominance is achieved, it is evident that in order to achieve it in the social structure, there must be a solid leader, devoted followers and circumstances that lead and cause to achieve the will of dominance. In order to achieve the will of dominance, a committed and powerful leader is crucial. In order to be a powerful leader; they need to have good qualities of leadership. In the novel of powerful dictatorship, Fight Club, Tyler Durden, being a good and strong leader, can achieve personal power and dominance. Many see the leaders right before their eyes as they triumph over a victory they have achieved also others may have impersonated leaders mentally and projecting it themselves. As close as a friend the narrator is with Tyler Durden, even when â€Å"[his] words carry right out [his] mouth.† (Palahniuk 98) Not only do they impersonate the leader but also â€Å"admire[s] what [he’s] doing [as he] makes [himself] the homework assignment.† (Palahniuk 187) Tyler Durden displays how a good leader functions in an orderly manner and with great qualities and skills he carries dictatorship to a tremendous expectation. Though, qualities of being a good leader also carry the ability to make good decisions, and the ability to prioritize his goals. Tyler Durden, a solid leader, believes sacrifice delivers importance in a Saravanabavan 2 nonprofit organization. He believes â€Å"without sacrifice, [they] would have nothing.† (Palahnuik 78) Since it is a key quality to achieve power over higher part of society, it’s also an essential when developing dominance with sacrifice as Tyler Durden â€Å"[makes it] secure by the [choice of] sacrifice of a natural white man.† (Barker 1) A great leader can bring an army to a higher social structure where also with dictatorship, Tyler Durden can bring order and social structure when personal power is achieved and that’s where a solid leader steps up. As Tyler is a strong leader and he carries out his rule through Fight Club, the effectiveness of the leader highly depends on his column of support, the followers. Finding devoted fearless brigades, there has to be a cause to stand behind Tyler Durden. That cause has been discovered when Tyler explains to the commissioner â€Å"the people [that they] step on [they are] everyone [they] depend on [,] [they] are middle children of history.† (Palahnuik 166) As the lower class society transforms justice took its course and as a leader steps up the followers also rise up with Tyler Durden. Yet as being devoted as they are, the amount of loyalty and respect for Tyler they project devoutness throughout their journey beside their leader. Devotion is also another form to achieve power which is delivered and perceived through Fight Club. The Supporters display a sample of devotion as they â€Å"admire [at] what’s [he’s] doing† also communicating their loyalty when they say â€Å"[he’s] a brave man to make himself the homework assignment.† (Palahnuik 187) As Tyler Durden stands strong, the followers stand at the same level as their leader. Devotion and admiration from the supporters is a benefit for dominance in the social structure as power increases. They are influenced to show devotion by not only the way they are perceived but also the societal roles in which they are cast (the lower class) â€Å"as Saravanabavan 3 they ever were by the corporate civiliz ation from which [Tyler] is to rescue them.† (Crowdus 1) With devoted and fearless army, power is easily gained and the goal for total dominance is a step away from a new

Research Paper about International Students Study in America Essay

Research Paper about International Students Study in America - Essay Example The salient features of the story, â€Å"How It Feels to be Colored Me,† reveal broadly what must have been transpired in the mind of Hurston, when she was discriminated by the society on account of the color of her skin. In her childhood in Eatonville, Florida, she had no color problems. She sang, danced in the streets and greeted neighbors like any other child, and mingled freely without any feelings of alienation. She had no imagination about the magnitude of differences that suddenly cropped up when she lost her mother, when she was just thirteen and left home for attending a boarding school in Jacksonville. The transformation of her being as â€Å"colored† was immediate. Racism is a life-long insult to the dignity of the blacks and it requires immense courage to challenge it. The important aspect of the story is the period to which it belonged, that was challenging to the life and existence of blacks. It was published in â€Å"The World Tomorrow,† in the May 1928’s edition. The ideology of racial segregation dominated the social and cultural life of America. Challenge to black pride prevailed in every segment. In such a turbulent era, Hurston’s pen did the job of presenting before the public a stinging message to challenge the societal mindset. In the final analysis of the issues related to colored people Hurston concludes by asserting that â€Å"the Great Stuffer of Bags, the Creator, may have fashioned people in this way from the very beginning† (Hurston). The Colored Issue Today in Its Broad Perspective Read this revealing passage: â€Å"Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. It fails to register depression with me. Slavery is sixty years in the past. The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you. The terrible struggle that made me an American out of a potential slave said "On the line!† The Reconstruction said "Get set!† and the gen eration before said "Go!† I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep† ( Hurston). For colored people of any genre, and for the student population in particular, the above summing up, should serve as the guiding principle for any contingencies. An international student in the social circumstances prevailing in America today lives in a favorable time, as compared to the year 1928. The materialistic civilization, the internet revolution and globalization have contributed a lot to dilute the impact of discrimination on the basis of color. At the level of the individual some people may still deal with reservations towards the colored people for their own reasons. But legally, the colored students are fully protected and have legal remedies if racial bias is practiced against them. View the colored issue from the spiritual angle. The solution becomes much easier. Hurston argues, â€Å"I have no separate feeling about being an America n citizen and colored. I am merely a fragment of the Great Soul that surges within the boundaries. My country, right or wrong† (Hurston). The intensity of the anguish for discrimination on

Who were the samurai What role did the samurai play, both militarily Essay

Who were the samurai What role did the samurai play, both militarily and otherwise - Essay Example This is exactly what samurai’s did. These men were confident warriors who served their country during a tumultuous time in it’s history. Samurais came to be during the Heian period. The Japanese army, which was under the control of the emperor, disbanded as the emperor began to lose power. As the emperor lost power, clans formed to collect taxes. In their own interest, however, they heavily taxed the citizens, driving many away from their homes. â€Å"Regional clans grew powerful by offering lower taxes to their subjects as well as freedom from conscription. These clans armed themselves to repel other clans and magistrates from collecting taxes. They would eventually form themselves into armed parties and became samurai,† (Samurai History) The samurai went on to protect the citizens, primarily farmers, as well as their fellow clans from the corrupt tax collectors. They eventually began to wear armor that was typical of Japanese warriors of that era. The ethical c ode which they set up for themselves, known as bushido, set them aside, making them a class of their own. When Emperor Toba died in 1156, chaos ensued. No one knew which of his sons would take over. A civil war between the two sons was the result, with neither of which gaining control. Rather, the two prominent samurai clans, the Minamoto and Taira, fought over power, with the Taira establishing the first shogunate (Szczepnski). These two clans would clash again, however, with the Minamoto coming out on top. This led to the transition to the Kamakura Shogunate. Samurai rule was interrupted when imperial rule tried to re-implement itself. This unsuccessful run lasted only 3 years, however, leading to the weak rule of the Ashikaga Shogunate. There was daimyo interference during the Ashikage Shogunate, which led to the 10 year long Onin War, and eventually to the Sengoku. During the Sengoku, various daimyo clans battled to overthrow samurai rule and establish themselves as rulers. It w asn’t until 1868 that the samurai were overthrown during Meiji Restoration. â€Å"Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style conscripted army. Samurai became Shizoku () who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to cut down commoners who paid them disrespect,† (Samurai History). Perhaps the most lasting legacy of the samurai was the bushido code. Samurai were known for their impeccable conduct and followed eight virtues to continue to behave accordingly. (Clark) The first of these virtues was Rectitude or Justice. In other words, samurai were to use reason in their actions, not acting out irrationally and bringing shame upon themselves. The second, courage, was emphasized to only be truly courageous if it was acted upon with rectitude in mind. The third, benevolence or mercy, was highly emphasized because of how important it was in the writings of Confucius. Confucius believed that â€Å"†¦the highest requirement of a ruler of men is Benevolence,† (Clark). The fourth, politeness, emphasized civialrous actions, rooted in benevolence. The fifth, honesty and sincerity, meant denouncing financial importance and recognizing luxury as â€Å"the greatest menace to manhood,† (Clark). The sixth, honor, was what the life of the samurai was about. It was about living with fear of bringing shame upon themselves and their clan. The seventh, loyalty, was important to relations between clan members. There were no excuses for betraying a fellow samurai. The last, character and self-control, best summarizes the meaning of the bushido code. Clark puts it best, describing it as teaching â€Å"

Pathological gambler Essay Example for Free

Pathological gambler Essay The dynamics of gambling disorder and the gambler’s personality profiles were asserted by Dr. Richard Rosenthal, a well known gambling addiction expert and cited the three criteria in assessing a pathological gambler. These criteria are the individual’s feeling of helplessness, guilt and depression, a well developed capacity for self–deception and the actual exposure to gambling. The individual’s physical and hereditary predispositions are also major causes that link gambling addiction to depression that may result to suicide. In terms of physical attributes, a gambler’s brain contains a higher level of chemical known as norepinephrine than a normal individual, due to excreted stress and excitement to win the game. Signs and Symptoms To determine the extent of gambling addiction, the American Psychological Association reported different diagnostic criteria (Lieberman, L. 2003). These include the individual’s preoccupation with gambling, one good example is a gambler who keeps on reliving his past gambling experiences and planning for his next gambling venture while thinking of ways on how and where to get money as gambling capital. Tolerance is a gambling addiction criterion in which a gambler needs a greater amount of money to achieve his desired excitement in gambling. Being restless and irritable is a withdrawal symptom when a gambler attempts to cut down his desire to gamble. Escaping from the feeling of helplessness, depression and guilt is a gambler’s escape from problems and to relieve his dysphoric mood. A classical behavior of pathological gamblers include frequent returns to gambling places in order to chase losses. Lying from family members and other people is a symptom that a gambler is concealing his over-involvement with gambling. Illegal acts like fraud, theft and forgery are signs that a gambler is searching for more finances for his gambling addiction. There is a possibility of risking some significant relationships for a gambler to suffice his gambling addiction including his job, career or other growth opportunities (Eadington, W. 2002). There are bailout circumstances wherein a gambler would rely on other people to provide financial assistance for his desperate situation due to gambling. The repeated loss of control to stop gambling is another symptom that an individual is a pathological gambler. Phases of Gambling Addiction Gambling addiction has three phases of progressive cycle such as winning phase, losing phase and the desperation phase. The pattern of gambling addictive behavior is a progressive and downward cycle that may lead to depression and later on suicide attempt. The winning phase is the time that gamblers experience a series of wins and became optimistic that the streak will continue. The feeling of great excitement will lead the gambler to increase the amount of his bets. The losing phase is the period that a gambler experiences losses and the time that he will reminisce his past wins and will start gambling alone, think more on gambling and start borrowing money even with high interest to continue his gambling. The losing phase is the time that gamblers start lying to family and friends, the home life becomes unhappy and restless. Chasing the gambler’s losses to win back their losses is a critical point on gambling addiction. Desperation is characterized by increase in the time spent to gamble, alienate family and friends with remorseful feelings. Gamblers may even resort to illegal acts to finance his gambling addiction. This is the period that a gambler experiences hopelessness, separation and divorce, get inclined to drug addiction, alcoholism and eventually suicidal tendencies. The third and final phase of gambling addiction is the hopelessness phase characterized by emotional breakdown and cannot think and see a way to be out of their gambling predicament. Most gamblers upon reaching the hopelessness phase or the bottom line of their gambling addiction will consider suicide as the only solution to their problem.

disinvestment :: essays research papers

DISINVESTMENT OF PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS IN INDIA TODAY THE RUSSIAN ECONOMIC MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT CONNOTED THROUGH THE RUSSIAN FUR DOES NOT EXIST. TODAY THE CHINESE ECONOMIC MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT CONNOTED THROUGH THE MAO SUIT DOES NOT EXIST. Margaret Thatcher disrobed them. The concept of the GOLDEN STRAIGHT JACKET is avowed, to whether it were the Democrats or the Republicans, the Conservatives or the Laborites, the BJP or the Congress. The concept of the golden straight jacket has been embraced by all countries including India. It endeavors to shift the economic decision making from the government to the markets. The concept of Disinvestment being it’s major tenet. The Nehruvian temples of economic growth, better known as the Public Sector Undertakings were born as the outcome of the conscious policy of the government to speed up industrialization of the country with a view to giving added impetus to economic growth as well as achieve certain socio-economic goals. These undertakings account for  ¼ of our GDP. They also account for 1/3 of our exports and have made contributions to import substitution. Also government undertakings employ more than 70% of the workers employed in the organized sector. These undertakings have helped reduce imbalances in regional development and a few of them have earned reputation for excellence at international level. But the picture is not as rosy as it seems, rather the scene in most of the PSU’s is very chilling. According to figures upto March ‘99 losses incurred by 29 PSU’s trebled within one year from approx. Rs.1050 crores to Rs. 3600 crores. The major reasons for the non performance of the PSU’s can be summarized as: Political Interference, High Cost of Delay, Fear of Scams, Headless Plants, Ineffective Management, Huge Inventories, Trade Unionism and Unutilized Capacities. A comprehensive policy on public sector was set out in the Industrial Policy Statement of July 24, 1991 - the year when the country had to tide over an unprecedented economic crisis reflected in its internal and external finances. The steps adumbrated included a review of public sector investments to focus on strategic and essential infrastructure enterprises and new procedures to tackle chronically sick and loss-making units. â€Å"Rationality is least expected from an economist who is best defined as a man who tells you tomorrow why the things he predicted yesterday did not happen today.† The DEPARTMENT OF DISINVESTMENT has the following rationale: Because of the current revenue expenditure on items such as interest payments, wages and salaries of Government employee and subsidiaries, the Government is left with hardly any surplus for capital expenditure on social and physical infrastructure.

On Social Theory In Social Work Essay

We know where we have been, where we are now and where we need to go – but how do we get there? A map. Theory is a map. It notes any number of known landmarks (previously achieved or applied solutions) and obstacles (issues or problems) and gives us direction so that we are able to navigate intelligently and arrive safely (minimal discomfort to all) at our destination (desired outcome/s). Theory is an attempt to explain the unexplained, to give title to the untitled and to give reason to the unreasonable. It is a combination of existing knowledge and newly acquired knowledge that allows us to make assumptions in order to realise reasonably foreseeable outcomes. It is only in the realms of science, physics and mathematics that the repeated application of a single theory will return a consistent result indefinitely. However, in the social work disciplines, the repeated application of a single theory may very well result in chaos and mayhem due simply to the addition of the vagaries and subjectiveness of human behaviour – individual realism and personality. Mix society with the individual then add a third ingredient – power (political, economic, etc) and you end up with a chameleonic and metamorphosis-like result, what I refer to as the ‘lava lamp effect’ – constant change, confusion, tangentiality, shifts in personal, political and societal values and meanings. Theory is the vehicle of bringing order and making sense of all these things. That an individual on one occasion might respond to certain stimuli in a particular fashion, is no predictor of the individual’s (micro level) responses to the same or like stimuli on subsequent occasions and is certainly not an indication that the ‘collective’ (macro level) will respond in the same manner. It is not possible for one person to comprehend the world as perceived by  another person. The absolute closest we can come to this is to use our own imagination and compare our own experiences as a guide – empathy. Enter theory. Theory gives us the launching pad for action. It is a single starting point for all social work practitioners regardless of their individual methodological preferences. Howe (1987, p48) states, â€Å"The loud claim is that practice is saturated with theory no matter how much the social worker speaks of [their] simple reliance on commonsense or intuition. Each theory and its associated practice holds assumptions about people and their society †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†. However, theory still remains our most valuable agent in facilitating acceptable if not positive outcomes. The nature of social work is in a constant state of flux and what was suitable or successful yesterday may not be today although past theories still have a valid place in our reckoning. There is a constant flow of new and more complex issues introducing themselves to society every day and more often than not, theory will be the only tools available to us as a means of sourcing solutions. When discussing how theories are used in practice, Payne (1997, p48) states; â€Å"There are three approaches to this task: using theories to interrogate, clarify and criticise each other, using theories selectively, and using theories together to modify each other† and Lemert (1999, p20) states â€Å"Social theory is what we do when we find ourselves able to put into words what nobody seems to want to talk about†. Further, Mullaly (2002, p3) cites Reynolds (1971) â€Å"Theory carries out four basic functions: description; explanation; prediction; and control and management of events or changes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦it describes phenomena; it attempts to explain what causes them; it predicts future events, including what will happen if certain interventions occur (or do not occur); and attempts to control and manage events or changes at all levels of human activity†. Theory also has its place in supplementing existing knowledge – filling in the blanks as it were. There is no divorcing theory from experience nor from assumption as these two  things are the interminably prime ingredients of theory. In order to create a theory we must draw upon our own or others’ knowledge bases, experiences and assumptions – no other source/s exist/s. Whilst most would agree that theory is generally the basis for experiment, quite often the reverse is true – experiment as the basis of theory! There once existed a theory that technological advancements would eventually result in a reduction of the number of skilled tradesmen required. This theory therefore required that there be a reduction in the numbers of (government subsidised) trade apprenticeship places – a huge cost saving exercise, an economic positive! However, we have since learned that this theory was implemented without a great deal of thought as to the possible negatives – those of higher youth unemployment (increased welfare bill), a much sharper decline in the number of skilled tradesmen to adequately service the community (have you ever tried to get hold of a plumber or electrician in an emergency?), and a steep increase in the cost to the consumer (community) in utilising those affected trade services. Some would also argue that the reduction in apprenticeship places would have contributed to increases in various crimes and therefore further unnecessary cost to the community and taxpayers. A more recent theory is that of children in detention centres. Some schools of thought insisted that keeping children in detention was senseless and cruel and that they should be settled into local communities. Others viewed this train of thought as being reminiscent of the ‘stolen generation’ and further theorised that it was wrong to separate the children from their parents and therefore the mother and children should be settled into the community with regular visits to the father who should remain in detention. There was still further argument that cultural matters had not been considered in that further or other yet foreseen problems may result by isolating the father from the family unit. Each discourse here is based only on theory but it encourages discourse that seeks resolutions. A good thing. Not all theory is good and nor is it all bad, it is simply a helpful step  towards finding resolutions where none has previously existed to address issues and problems in society be they real or perceived. As can be ascertained from just a small collection of readings, even theorists differ widely in their interpretations and applications of theory. Every ‘-ist’ of every ‘-ism’ believes that their approach is more beneficial than those of the others. Whether they are aware of it or not, even those social work practitioners who would underrate the benefits of the use of theory in their practice, preferring instead to rely on their own intuition and experience, are still employing theory – empirically. References Howe, D., 1987, An Introduction to Social Work Theory; Making Sense in Practice, Wildwood House. Lemert, C., 1999, Social Theory, Second Edition; The Multicultural and Classic Readings, MacMillan Press Ltd, Victoria. Mullaly, B., 2002, Challenging Oppression; A Critical Social Work Approach, Oxford University Press. Payne, M., 1997, Modern Social Work Theory, Second Edition, PALGRAVE, N.Y.

Discuss the motivation for international strategic alliances - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2521 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Discuss the motivation for international strategic alliances ABSTRACT: To establish traditional international business in the market, businessmen do apply different strategies and one of the most common and emerging strategies that are being used now is the international strategic alliance. To study the motivation of international strategic alliance, it has been made to systematically define the term motive. This paper argues those studies of motivation of international strategic alliance, their advantages and disadvantages and how they are becoming beneficial in the global market place. This paper is an initial step to understand the definition of motivation in terms of the international strategic alliance by using the firms that have used this strategy. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Discuss the motivation for international strategic alliances" essay for you Create order INTRODUCTION: An alliance can be defined as a business to business collaboration. In an alliance two or more companies agree to work together to achieve a common goal while not losing their individuality. Strategic alliance helps the both parties to gain the complementary strengths. Companies form alliances for joint marketing, joint sales or distribution, joint production, design collaboration, technology licensing and research and development. Strategic alliances have different forms, Contractual (non-equity- based) alliances (Alliances which are based on contracts and which do not involve the sharing of equity), Equity-based alliances (Strategic alliances which involves the use of equity), Cross-shareholding (Both partners invest in each other). ( Peng Mike W. Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 219) One form of Equity-based strategic alliances is the joint venture. The formation of the alliance is rich and fragmented. One of the main reasons behind the collaboration is to gain the competitive advantages. According to Williamson Intermediate asset specificity and low uncertainty are conditions that may lead to a preference for hybrid forms of governance structure over both arms length transactions and internalization (Williamson, 1991). Increasing the strategic alliances is one of the fastest trends in the business today and it is becoming an essential driver to grow for every industry. One of the main goals to form a relationship with other companies is strategic alliance where they combine the skills and expertise of the both companies and gain the cooperative venture. Then they enter the international market and share their costs. MOTIVATION for STRATEGIC ALLIANCES in the INTERNATIONAL MARKET PLACE The growing international marketing is becoming the norm in this time and these partnerships are leveraging the growth through alliances with international partners, where the both companies merge and gain the competitive advantage. They do it by licensing agreements, cross shareholder deals, cooperative arrangement and joint ventures. Rather than taking risks and wasting their time and investing a huge amount on of money for gaining this competitive advantage in business, they are entering the international markets by finding an appropriate alliance which is operating in the same market in another country. So they enter the market that they desire to enter and the main reason behind this is to share the knowledge, skills and expertise and also to gain the marketing advantage in the world. And its becoming another strategy to defeat the monopoly business in the global business within fraction of time, for example collaboration of Sony and Ericson. In the view of traditional industry, firms are independent and emphasize on maximizing their own performance. As competition in the market shrinks the profits of firms, they do not rival always against one another. For instance, in 1983 Toyota and GM establish a horizontal alliance on a limited basis to accomplish different targets of manufacturing small cars in the US. The intention of Toyota was to gain knowledge of running business in the American market. On the other hand, Gms objective was to learn manufacturing small cars profitably. Sometimes high entry barriers discourage individual companies. In that circumstance companies can build strategic alliances and networks to level this fence. Firms convert the relationship with suppliers to a mutual assistance and knowledge sharing, previously which was based on hard-bargaining. This liaison is known as upstream vertical alliance. In this case companies do not consider suppliers as threats. In the same way, now, downstream vertical alliances can bind the central firms, buyers and distributors together rather than treating them as possible threats. The market potential pushes the firms on alternative products to establish strategic alliance and networks to materialize the commercial prospective of new products. According to Resource-based consideration firms can get benefited from the alliance through value creation. First, alliances may reduce costs, risks and uncertainties. Second, Alliances allow firms to tap complementary assets of partners. Third, alliances facilitate opportunities to learn from partners. Finally, real option an option is the right, but not obligation, to take some action in the future. Real option gives the opportunity to the firms when they are not sure whether they will do acquisition or merge. The companies just need to pay a tiny portion of their assets (known as deposit). Through this temporary alliance they will judge its future profitability. If they are not satisfied, they can easily leave. There is no obligation to go on with this alliance or take further actions. Institutional based consideration includes two categories Formal Institutional based consideration and Informal Institutional based consideration. According to Peng Strategic alliances and networks function within formal regulatory and legal frameworks. In some countries, Governments impose restriction on Whole Owned Subsidiaries. In that circumstance international firms have only one option, which is, to make an alliance with a local firm in order to enter that market. Peng says Informal institutions centre on collective norms supported by a normative and cognitive pillar. When a firm decides to move on its own, it faces pressures and criticisms from peer, analysts, investors, and the media. In that situation firms make collaboration with other firms to enhance or protect its image in the market place. The firms do choose the target market they want to enter. After choosing the target market they come up with a strategic plan which will suit in the international market. They use all resources of both companies to exploit the existing resources and explore the new opportunities; the main concern for this exploitation is to increase the productivity and efficiency using the current employed capital and assets thought standards. When the both companies are big in size their integration level is also high which, vise versa, makes the higher level the degree of control. The difference between the integration and degree of control is making motivation for forming this strategic alliance. The ADVANTAGES of STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Many start-up companies do focus on emerging into the market and gaining a competitive advantage in the international market to beat the monopoly business around the world for the same products and nowadays it is becoming the most useful strategy to gain this competitive advantage. By which a firm can enter the target market faster and with less risk on the investment. Businesses use strategic alliances to: scope and speed the business process achieve advantages of scale in international market increase market penetration among other companies increase the competitiveness in domestic and global markets enhance product development by sharing the skills, knowledge, technology develop new business opportunities through new products and services and make it more competitive in the world market expand market development fast increase exports diversify create new businesses gain completive advantage in cost diversification into new markets improve cash flow Ability to move quickly The motivation of forming the international strategy varies from one country to another country. The main focuses of the join venture of the companies are to represent the companies in the various countries. But as the days passed the definition has changed because of the activities which became more prevalent. Because the international market the alliance can impart to the company in a relative advantage in size or by the size which makes the process to go faster or in other words it provides compliments to the areas which they are lacking. The motive behind increasing the international strategic alliance is not only gaining profit. The other factor which motive them are the competition among the competitors the fast changing market place industry convergence For an example an alliance between Sony (which is Japanese company, it was an electronic consumer company) Ericson (a Swedish telecommunication company) both giant companies planned to get an advantage in production and development which will prove their marketing skills. So once the joint venture is done with a legal manner it is similar in nature to a partial acquisition in consideration for shares. Because this combination has created the transaction, combining the relative advantages of both parties and ties their future together. They stopped making their own phones. They started to share their expertise and they have a research development teams in United States, Sweden, China, Japan, India, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The both companies were profitable on the first year but they had to face huge loss because of lack of investment and strategic plan. Once they have injected the money into their joint venture and came up with new idea which was to launch the built-in-digit al camera and with high features they started to enter to the market back but it still were a huge loses for them. So having the same strategic plan this joint venture did not work. They were struggling for the first three years. But walkman phones made them successful and made the 4th position in the world again. So here it proves that the giant companies do merge to gain competitive advantage but it is not always threat to the other companies which are already leading. It totally depends on the strategy they follow and implement. The DISADVANTAGES of STRATEGIC ALLAINCE Alliances are risky in term of cost, the reason is not due to cash being involved with another company and its not being in the companys hands, but it is due to returns from which they will get. First of all the company is to go throw the join venture which involves the investment. When a proper set of contracts, various transfer prices and incentive schemes from the partners to the joint alliance resolve most conflicts, most of the joint venture manages to entirely avoid conflicts between its respective parties. Managing the managerial position of both companies and resolving the possible conflict from the both parties due to the location and other factors of international market, Financial blocking is one of the major disadvantages in the international strategic alliance. Because most of the companies do not want to disclose their financing operations. For example, an alliance with SonyEricsson in the area of cellular communications could reduce the likelihood of contracts with Nokia, thereby putting the company at risk that if Ericsson is weakened, so will be all the companies that depend upon it. Alliance between competitors can be risky. Firms can access to the information, technology, business strategy, and database of each other. Therefore they acquire the knowledge of another company. One firm can plan to excel other firm by achieving the knowledge and skills of other firms business tricks. And then it can drop the other firm and may use the strategy against this firm. Strategic partners are often led by the company which is stronger in the international market. But they should come up with something unique by merging the both companies rather than starting from a start-up. But this strategy dose actually work with the every company depending on the market and company, like SonyEricsson came up with mobile when they merge but it was a huge loss in the market . They started losing their shares rather then gaining it. And it affected the job market. So they later on came up with cyber shoot which was the turning point of their company and also the walking walkman, which was different product then they used to launch. Because their main focus was to make competitive cell phone. But by the cyber shoot they have entered the market and now they are one of the giant companies with 4th position rank in the world. Sharing profits is another disadvantage. The revenue is being divided and goes to different country which does not help the country to boom up. But it dose have a great impact on it The decision is to be made by the both parties so there are always barriers for future financing opportunities. The distraction is the main disadvantage. The top level management is to take decision on behave of the both countries so they are to keep all the time in mind thinking about their own country when ever they are making decision. The both parties do not think alike because of the distraction that they are around by the competitors. As two or more companies are joint in this alliance, the decision is to be taken jointly so there is always a headache from the other partner. Because of the way they want take the company may not agree. To keep this mutual decision, the companies are to go through all this unexpected disappointments. Conclusion: The strategic alliance is one of the most implemented strategies in the global competitive market. And it is one of the mostly common used strategies which have an effect in the market to boom up the economy of a country. It has created the bond between the geographical territories. Where they can share their competitive advantages and bring out new polices and products for the consumers and increase the job market in this world. The advantages for this alliance is more then the disadvantages. So people are coming up of new policies where they can hide the disadvantages compared to the advantage. According to Pekar and Margulis The fundamental purpose of an alliance is to facilitate collaboration and varying degrees of integration between companies without necessitating a merger or an acquisition, though it can often lead to a merger or acquisition. Bibliography Hill, Charles (2005), International Business Competing in the Global Marketplace Peng Mike W. Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, (page 216-240) https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/jomstd/v33y1996i3p301-332.html https://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/leadership/strategicalliances.html https://www.corporate-partnering.com/info/strategic-alliances-advantages-and-disadvantages.htm https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=1515040 www.faqs.org/abstracts/Business-general/Strategic-motives-for-international-alliance-formation-The-limits-of-employee-involvement-profit-sha.html https://www.lotsofessays.com/essay_search/Conclusion_Strategic.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6VGK-4MBBYN6-1_user=10_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=1123950549_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=52af2b0a1c7e40ab036d752257b46fc1 https://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/leadership/strategicalliances.html illiamson, O.E. 1991. Strategizing, economizing, and economic organization. Strategic Management Journal, Winter Special Issue, 12: 75-94 Peng Mike WGlobal Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 213 Peng Mike W Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 227 Pekar Peter Jr. and. Margulis Marc S, Equity alliances take center stage: The emergence of a new corporate growth model, IVEY MANAGEMENT SERVICES May/June 2003